Multiple choice question for engineering

Set 1

1. SCM stands for
a) Software Control Management
b) Software Configuration Management
c) Software Concept Management
d) None of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] In software engineering, software configuration management (SCM) is the task of tracking and controlling changes in the software, part of the larger cross-discipline field of configuration management.

2. When code is made available to others, it goes in a/an
a) hard drive
b) access-controlled library
c) servers
d) access control

Answer

Answer: b

3. Which of the following is not a main phase in Configuration Management (CM) Process?
a) CM Planning
b) Executing the CM process
c) CM audits
d) None of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] All are main phases of CM.

4. CM is about managing the different items in the product, and changes in them.
a) True
b) False

Answer

Answer: a

5. What allows different projects to use the same source files at the same time?
a) Version Control
b) Access control
c) CM Process
d) Version Control and Access control

Answer

Answer: a [Reason:] It allows software engineers to continue development along a branch even when a line of development is frozen.

6. Which of the following is not a change management process?
a) Log the changes
b) Estimate impact on effort and schedule
c) Review impact with stakeholders
d) None of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] All are required for a change.

7. Configuration management (CM) is needed to deliver product to the client
a) True
b) False

Answer

Answer: a

8. What is one or more software configuration items that have been formally reviewed and agreed upon and serve as a basis for further development?
a) Baseline
b) Cumulative changes
c) CM
d) Change Control

Answer

Answer: a [Reason:] In configuration management, a “baseline” is an agreed-to description of the attributes of a product, at a point in time, which serves as a basis for defining change.

9. How are baselines verified?
a) By reviews
b) By inspections
c) By testing of code
d) All of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] Testing verifies the agreed-to description.

10. Which of the following is a example of Configuration Items ?
a) SCM procedures
b) Source code
c) Software design descriptions
d) All of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] All are covered in CM.

11. SCM controls only the products of the development process.
a) True
b) False

Answer

Answer: a

12. CCB stands for
a) Change Control Board
b) Change Control Baseline
c) Cumulative Changes in Baseline
d) None of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: a

13. What information is required to process a change to a baseline?
a) Reasons for making the changes
b) A description of the proposed changes
c) List of other items affected by the changes
d) All of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] A baseline is an agreed-to description of the product, changes require multiple reasons..

Set 2

1. Which is the first step in the software development life cycle ?
a) Analysis
b) Design
c) Problem/Opportunity Identification
d) Development and Documentation

Answer

Answer: c

2. Which tool is use for structured designing ?
a) Program flowchart
b) Structure chart
c) Data-flow diagram
d) Module

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] A Structure Chart (SC) in software engineering and organizational theory, is a chart which shows the breakdown of a system to its lowest manageable levels.

3. A step by step instruction used to solve a problem is known as
a) Sequential structure
b) A List
c) A plan
d) An Algorithm

Answer

Answer: d

4. In the Analysis phase, the development of the ____________ occurs, which is a clear statement of the goals and objectives of the project.
a) documentation
b) flowchart
c) program specification
d) design

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] Program specification is the definition of what a computer program is expected to do.

5. Actual programming of software code is done during the ____________ step in the SDLC.
a) Maintenance and Evaluation
b) Design
c) Analysis
d) Development and Documentation

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] The developer has to find in the technical documentation enough information to start coding.

6. Who designs and implement database structures.
a) Programmers
b) Project managers
c) Technical writers
d) Database administrators

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] The role of database administrators includes the development and design of database strategies, system monitoring and improving database performance and capacity, and planning for future expansion requirements.

7. ____________ is the process of translating a task into a series of commands that a computer will use to perform that task.
a) Project design
b) Installation
c) Systems analysis
d) Programming

Answer

Answer: d

8. Debugging is:
a) creating program code
b) finding and correcting errors in the program code
c) identifying the task to be computerized
d) creating the algorithm

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] Debugging is a methodical process of finding and reducing the number of bugs, or defects, in a computer program or a piece of electronic hardware, thus making it behave as expected.

9. In Desigin phase, which is the primary area of concern ?
a) Architecture
b) Data
c) Interface
d) All of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] Part of the design phase is to create structural and behavioral models of the system which is covered by architecture, data and the interface of the product.

10. The importance of software design can be summarized in a single word which is:
a) Efficiency
b) Accuracy
c) Quality
d) Complexity

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] Software functional quality reflects how well it complies with or conforms to a given design, based on functional requirements or specifications.

11. Cohesion is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a module
a) can be written more compactly
b) focuses on just one thing
c) is able to complete its function in a timely manner
d) is connected to other modules and the outside world

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] Cohesion of a single module/component is the degree to which its responsibilities form a meaningful unit.

12. Coupling is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a module
a) can be written more compactly
b) focuses on just one thing
c) is able to complete its function in a timely manner
d) is connected to other modules and the outside world

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] Coupling between modules/components is their degree of mutual interdependence.

Set 3

1. Which mechanism is applied to use a design pattern in an OO system?
a) Inheritance
b) Composition
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] Using inheritance, an existing design pattern becomes a template for a new subclass.Composition is a concept that leads to aggregate objects.

2. Design patterns does not follow the concept of software reuse.
a) True
b) False

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] Design patterns allow the designer to create the system architecture by integrating reusable components.

3. The use of design patterns for the development of object-oriented software has important implications for
a) Component-based software engineering
b) Reusability in general
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: c

4. Which of the following is a design pattern?
a) Behavioral
b) Structural
c) Abstract Factory
d) All of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] All the options are design patterns so option d.

5. You want to minimize development cost by reusing methods? Which design pattern would you choose?
a) Adapter Pattern
b) Singleton Pattern
c) Delegation pattern
d) Immutable Pattern

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] The delegation pattern is a design pattern in OOP where an object, instead of performing one of its stated tasks, delegates that task to an associated helper object.

6. You want to avoid multiple inheritance. Which design pattern would you choose?
a) Abstraction-Occurrence Pattern
b) Player-Role Pattern
c) General Hierarchy Pattern
d) Singleton Pattern

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] The answer is self-explanatory.

7. The recurring aspects of designs are called design
a) patterns
b) documents
c) structures
d) methods

Answer

Answer: a [Reason:] A pattern is the outline of a reusable solution to a general problem encountered in a particular context.

8. Design pattern is a solution to a problem that occurs repeatedly in a variety of contexts.
a) True
b) False

Answer

Answer: a [Reason:] Each design pattern has a name and use of each pattern has consequences.

9. Which pattern prevents one from creating more than one instance of a variable?
a) Factory Method
b) Singleton
c) Observer
d) None of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] In singleton pattern, the class itself is made responsible for keeping track of its instance.Thus it ensures that no more than one instance is created.

10. Facade pattern promotes weak coupling between subsystem and its clients.
a) True
b) False

Answer

Answer: a [Reason:] It is one of the patterns’s benefit.The facade pattern shields clients from subsystem classes and reduces the number of objects that clients deal with.

11. Which design pattern defines one-to-many dependency among objects?
a) Singleton pattern
b) Facade Pattern
c) Observer pattern
d) Factory method pattern

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] Observer pattern defines one-to-many dependency among objects so that when one object changes its state, all its dependents are notified.

12. Facade pattern couples a subsystem from its clients.
a) True
b) False

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] A facade can be a single entry point to each subsystem level. It decouples the subsystem.

13. In factory method pattern, the framework must instantiate classes but it only knows about the abstract classes, which it cannot initiate. How would one solve this problem?
a) encapsulating the knowledge of which document subclass to is to be created and
b) moving this knowledge out of the framework
c) instantiating the application specific documents without knowing their class
d) all of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] Following all the options in order will solve the factory method problem.

Set 4

1. The two dimensions of spiral model are
a) diagonal, angular
b) radial, perpendicular
c) radial, angular
d) diagonal, perpendicular

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] The radial dimension depicts the cumulative costs and the angular dimension depicts the progress made in completing each cycle. Each loop of the spiral model represents a phase.

2. The Incremental Model is combination of elements of
a) Build & FIX Model & Waterfall Model
b) Linear Model & RAD Model
c) Linear Model & Prototyping Model
d) Waterfall Model & RAD Model

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] Each linear sequence produces a deliverable “increment” of the software system, particularly needed in case of quick delivery of a limited functionality system..

3. Model preferred to create client/server applications is
a) WINWIN Spiral Model
b) Spiral Model
c) Concurrent Model
d) Incremental Model

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] In case of client/server applications, the concurrent process model specifies activities in two dimensions: a system dimension and a component dimension. Hence Concurrency is achieved by these two activities occurring simultaneously and can be modeled using the state-oriented approach.

4. Identify the correct statement with respect to Evolutionary development:
a) Evolutionary development usually has two flavors; exploratory development, and throw-away prototyping
b) Very large projects are usually done using evolutionary development based approach
c) It facilitates easy project management, through the high volume of documentation it generates
d) Sometimes the construction of a throw-away prototype is not followed by a re- implementation of the software system using a more structured approach

Answer

Answer: a [Reason:] Evolutionary development usually has two flavors; exploratory development, and
throw-away prototyping.

5. Spiral model was developed by
a) Victor Bisili
b) Berry Boehm
c) Bev Littlewood
d) Roger Pressman

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] Berry Boehm in 1986 in his Article “A spiral model of software development and enhancement”.

6. Software evolution does not comprises:
a) Development activities
b) Negotiating with client
c) Maintenance activities
d) Re-engineering activities

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] Software evolution refers to the study and management of the process of making changes to software over time. Thus it comprises rest three options.

7. Processes for evolving a software product depend on:
a) Type of software to be maintained
b) Development processes used
c) Skills and experience of the people involved
d) All of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] Processes used for software evolution depend on all these factors.

8. Which technique is applied to ensure the continued evolution of legacy systems ?
a) Forward engineering
b) Reverse Engineering
c) Reengineering
d) Reverse Engineering and Reengineering

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] Processes used for software evolution depend rely on these two techniques.

9. Program modularization and Source code translation are the activities of_____________
a) Forward engineering
b) Reverse Engineering
c) Reengineering
d) Reverse Engineering and Reengineering

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] Reengineering is the examination and alteration of a subject system to reconstitute it in a new form and the subsequent implementation of the new form.

10. Reverse engineering is the last activity in a reengineering project.
a) True
b) False

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] Reverse engineering is often the initial activity in a reengineering project.

11. The cost of re-engineering is often significantly less than the costs of developing new software.
a) True
b) False

Answer

Answer: a [Reason:] There is a high risk in new software development. There may be development problems, staffing problems and specification problems, thereby increasing the cost.

Set 5

1. Software Maintenance includes
a) Error corrections
b) Enhancements of capabilities
c) Deletion of obsolete capabilities
d) All of the mentioned

Answer

Answer: d

2. Maintenance is classified into how many categories ?
a) two
b) three
c) four
d) five

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] Adaptive, corrective, perfective and preventive are the four types of software maintenance.

3. The modification of the software to match changes in the ever changing environment, falls under which category of software maintenance?
a) Corrective
b) Adaptive
c) Perfective
d) Preventive

Answer

Answer: b

4. How many phases are there in Taute Maintenance Model?
a) six
b) seven
c) eight
d) nine

Answer

Answer: c

5. What type of software testing is generally used in Software Maintenance?
a) Regression Testing
b) System Testing
c) Integration Testing
d) Unit Testing

Answer

Answer: a [Reason:] All other options are known as levels of software testing which further have types of software testing.

6. Regression testing is a very expensive activity.
a) True
b) False

Answer

Answer: a [Reason:] As regression testing is performed many times over the life of the software product, it becomes a costly affair.

7. Selective retest techniques may be more economical than the “retest-all”technique.How many selective retest techniques are there?
a) two
b) three
c) four
d) five

Answer

Answer: b [Reason:] The three categories include: Coverage, Minimization and Safe techniques.

8. Which selective retest technique selects every test case that causes a modified program to produce a different output than its original version?
a) Coverage
b) Minimization
c) Safe
d) Maximization

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] Safe techniques do not focus on coverage criteria, instead they select every test case that cause a modified program to produce different output than its original version.

9. ______________ measures the ability of a regression test selection technique to handle realistic applications.
a) Efficiency
b) Precision
c) Generality
d) Inclusiveness

Answer

Answer: c [Reason:] Generality measures the ability of a technique to handle realistic and diverse language constructs, arbitrarily complex modifications, and realistic testing applications.

10. Which regression test selection technique exposes faults caused by modifications?
a) Efficiency
b) Precision
c) Generality
d) Inclusiveness

Answer

Answer: d [Reason:] Inclusiveness measures the extent to which a technique chooses test cases that will cause the modified program to produce different output than the original program, and thereby expose faults caused by modifications.

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