QN1. Which of the following best describes a fixed cost? A cost which:
(a) Represents a fixed proportion of total costs
(b) Remains at the same level up to a particular level of output
(c) Has a direct relationship with output
(d) Remains at the same level when output increases
Answer
Answer: (b) Remains at the same level up to a particular level of output
QN2. A business’s telephone bill should be classified into which one of these categories?
(a) Fixed cost
(b) Stepped fixed cost
(c) Semi-variable cost
(d) Variable cost
Answer
Answer: (c) Semi-variable cost
QN3. The total production cost for making 20,000 units was £21,000 & total production cost for making 50,000 was £34,000. When production goes over 25,000 units, more fixed costs of £4,000 occur. So full production cost per unit for making 30,000 units is:
(a) £0.30
(b) £0.68
(c) £0.84
(d) £0.93
Answer
Answer: (d) £0.93
QN4. Which of the following is least likely to be an objective of cost accounting system?
(a) Product Costing
(b) Optimum Sale Mix determination
(c ) Maximization of profits
(d) Sales Commission determination
Answer
Answer: (d) Sales Commission determination
QN5. The classification of costs as either direct or indirect depends upon
(a) The timing of the cash outlay for the cost
(b) The cost object to which the cost is being related
(c) The behavior of the cost in response to volume changes
(d) Whether the cost is expensed in the period in which it is incurred
Answer
Answer: (b) The cost object to which the cost is being related
QN6. Which of the following is false with regard to the supplementary rate method for accounting of under or over absorption of overheads?
(a) It facilitates the absorption of actual overhead for production
(b) Correction of costs through supplementary rates is necessary for maintaining data for
comparison
(c) The supplementary rate can be determined only after the end of the accounting period
(d) It requires a lot of clerical work
(e) The value of stock is distorted under this method.
Answer
Answer: (d) It requires a lot of clerical work
QN7. Which of the following factors should not be taken into consideration for determining the basis for applying overheads to products?
(a) Adequacy
(b) Convenience
(c) Time factor
(d) Seasonal fluctuation of overhead costs
(e) Manual or machine work.
Answer
Answer: (b) Convenience
QN8. Storekeeping expenses are to be apportioned on the basis of
(a) Floor area of the production departments
(b) Direct labor hours of each product
(c) Number of units manufactured of each product
(d) Number of material requisitions
(e) Sales price of each product.
Answer
Answer: (d) Number of material requisitions
QN9. A company has a margin of safety of Rs.40 lakh and earns an annual profit of Rs.10 lakh. If the fixed costs amount toRs.20 lakh, the annual sales will be
(a) Rs.160 lakh
(b) Rs.140 lakh
(c) Rs.120 lakh
(d)Rs.200 lakh
(e) Rs.180 lak
Answer
Answer: (c) Rs.120 lakh
QN10. Which of the following statements is false with respect to the use of predetermined overhead absorption rates?
(a) Product cost can be worked out promptly
(b) Use of predetermined overhead rate will provide data available for decision making but
not for cost control
(c) Product costs are not affected unnecessarily due to the vagaries of the calendar or
seasonal fluctuations
(d) By using normal capacity as base while determine the overhead rate, losses due to idle
capacity is highlighted and real cost of production is reflected
(e) Product cost can be estimated prior to commencement of production and can help the management in price quotation and fixing selling price well in advance.
Answer
Answer: capacity is highlighted and real cost of production is reflected
QN11. In process costing, equivalent units, using first in first out (FIFO) are a measure of
(a) Work done on the beginning as well as ending work-in-process inventory
(b) Work done on units started in the production process during the period
(c) Work done in the department during the period
(d) Work required to complete the beginning work-in-process inventory
(e) Work performed on the ending work-in-process inventory.
Answer
Answer: (e) Work performed on the ending work-in-process inventory.
QN12. A company’s approach to a make or buy decision
(a) Depends on whether the company is operating at or below break-even level
(b) Depends on whether the company is operating at or below normal volume
(c) Depends on whether the company is operating at practical capacity level
(d) Involves an analysis of avoidable costs
(e) Requires use of absorption costing.
Answer
Answer: (c) Depends on whether the company is operating at practical capacity level
QN13. Which of the following statements is false?
(a) Historical costs are useful solely for estimating costs that lie ahead
(b) Abnormal cost is controllable
(c) Conversion cost is the production cost minus direct material cost
(d) Administrative expenses are mostly fixed
(e) Notional costs are not included while ascertaining costs.
Answer
Answer: (a) Historical costs are useful solely for estimating costs that lie ahead
QN14. Ramesha Ltd. manufactures product DN for last seven years. The company maintains a margin of safety of 37.5%with an overall contribution to sales ratio of 40%. If fixed cost is Rs.5 lakh, the profit of the company is
(a) Rs.12.50 lakh
(b) Rs. 4.25 lakh
(c) Rs. 3.00 lakh
(d) Rs.24.00 lakh
(e) Rs.20.00 lakh.
Answer
Answer: (c) Rs. 3.00 lakh
QN15. Which of the following statements is true for a firm that uses variable costing?
(a) Profits fluctuate with sales
(b) An idle facility variation is calculated
(c) Product costs include variable administrative costs
(d) Product costs include variable selling costs
(e)The cost of a unit of product changes because of changes in number of units manufactured.
Answer
Answer: (a) Profits fluctuate with sales
QN16. If the price rises, which of the following methods of valuing stock will give the highest profit?
(a) LIFO method
(b) Replacement cost method
(c) FIFO method
(d) Simple average method
(e) Specific order method.
Answer
Answer: (c) FIFO method
QN17. An accounting system that collects financial and operating data on the basis of underlying nature and extent to the cost drivers is
(a) Direct costing
(b) Target costing
(c) Activity based costing
(d) Variable costing
(e) Cycle-time costing.
Answer
Answer: (c) Activity based costing
QN18. In allocating factory service department costs to producing departments, which of the following items would most likely be used as an activity base?
(a) Salary of service department employees
(b) Units of electric power consumed
(c) Direct materials usage
(d) Units of finished goods shipped to customers
(e) Units of product sold.
Answer
Answer: (c) Direct materials usage
QN19. Apportionment of overhead cost may be defined as
(a) Charge to a cost center of an overhead cost item with no estimation
(b) Charge to cost center for the use of an overhead cost
(c) Charge to cost units for the use of an overhead cost
(d) Classification of overhead cost as fixed or variable
(e) Charge each cost center with a share of an overhead cost using an apportionment basis to estimate the benefit extracted by each cost center
Answer
Answer: (e) Charge each cost center with a share of an overhead cost using an apportionment basis to estimate the benefit extracted by each cost center
QN20. An increase in variable costs where selling price and fixed cost remain constant will result in which of the following?
(a) An increase in margin of safety
(b) No change in margin of safety
(c) A fall in the sales level at which break even point will occur
(d) A rise in the sales level at which break even point will occur
(e) No change in the sales level at which break even point will occur.
Answer
Answer: (d) A rise in the sales level at which break even point will occur
QN21. Which of the following is a cause of materials usage variance?
(a) Emergency buying in smaller quantities
(b) Carriage, freight and other charges absorbed instead of being charged to suppliers
(c) Cash discount not taken
(d) Rectification required when many components do not pass through inspection
(e) Claims not made on suppliers for substandard materials or short receipt of materials.
Answer
Answer: (a) Emergency buying in smaller quantities
QN22. The following are the causes of labour efficiency variance except
(a) Bad working condition
(b) Defective tools, equipment and materials
(c) Defective supervision
(d) Bad workmanship due to dissatisfaction among the workers
(e) Employing people of different grades than planned.
Answer
Answer: (e) Employing people of different grades than planned.
QN23. Which of the following transfer pricing methods will preserve the sub-unit autonomy?
(a) Cost-based pricing
(b) Negotiated pricing
(c) Variable-cost pricing
(d) Full-cost pricing
(e) Marginal cost pricing.
Answer
Answer: (a) Cost-based pricing
QN24. The most fundamental responsibility center affected by the use of market-based transfer prices is
(a) Revenue center
(b) Cost center
(c) Profit center
(d) Investment center
(e) Production center.
Answer
Answer: (c) Profit center
QN25. Target pricing
(a) Is a pricing strategy used to create competitive advantage
(b) Considers the variable costs and excludes fixed costs
(c) Is often used when costs are difficult to control
(d) Is more appropriate when applied to mature and long-established products
(e) Is well suited for complex products that require many sub-assemblies.
Answer
Answer: (a) Is a pricing strategy used to create competitive advantage
QN26. A segment of an organization is referred to as a profit center if it has
(a) Responsibility for developing markets and selling the output of the organization
(b) Responsibility for combining materials, labor and other factors of production into a final output
(c) Authority to provide specialized support to other units within the organization
(d) Authority to make decisions affecting the major determinants of profit, including the power to choose its markets and sources of supply
(e) Authority to make decisions affecting the major determinants of profit, including the power to choose its markets and sources of supply and significant control over the amount of invested capital.
Answer
Answer: (e) Authority to make decisions affecting the major determinants of profit, including the power to choose its markets and sources of supply and significant control over the amount of invested capital.
QN27. Which of the following is false about standard costing system?
(a) It is based on a cost control concept
(b) It assumes stability in the current manufacturing process
(c) The goal is to meet cost performance standards
(d) It assumes production workers have the best knowledge to reduce costs
(e) It motivates employees to try to reach target established.
Answer
Answer: (b) It assumes stability in the current manufacturing process
QN28. Which of the following service departments’ costs is apportioned on the basis of rate of labor turnover?
(a) Payroll department
(b) Personnel department
(c) Canteen service
(d) Store-keeping department
(e) Maintenance department.
Answer
Answer: (a) Payroll department
QN29. Which of the following bases is appropriate to apportion the cost incurred on supervision of machine?
(a) Floor area occupied by each machine
(b) Equitable basis
(c) Value of each machine
(d) On the basis of past experience
(e) Estimated time devoted.
Answer
Answer: (e) Estimated time devoted.
QN30. Which of the following bases is used for apportionment of overtime premium of workers engaged in a particular department?
(a) Direct allocation
(b) Direct labor hours
(c) Number of workers
(d) Technical estimates
(e) Relative areas of departments.
Answer
Answer: (b) Direct labor hours
QN31. The rate used in addition to the original rates for ascertaining the true profit for adjusting the under or over absorption of overheads is known as
(a) Predetermined rate
(b) Blanket rate
(c) Moving average rate
(d) Supplementary overhead rate
(e) Multiple overhead rate.
Answer
Answer: (d) Supplementary overhead rate
QN32. Any activity for which a separate measurement of costs is desired is known as
(a) Cost unit
(b) Cost center
(c) Cost object
(d) Cost pool
(e) Cost allocation.
Answer
Answer: (e) Cost allocation.
QN33. Which of the following is true regarding the difference between marginal costing and absorption costing?
(a)Under marginal costing, fixed costs are treated as product costs while it is excluded under absorption costing
(b)Under absorption costing, under absorption or over absorption of overhead occurs but it does not occur under marginal costing
(c)The net income under absorption costing is always more than the net income under marginal costing
(d)If production is equal to sales, net income under absorption costing is greater than net income under marginal costing
(e)In case of decreased inventory, the net income under marginal costing is less than the net income under absorption costing.
Answer
Answer: (d)If production is equal to sales, net income under absorption costing is greater than net income under marginal costing
QN34. Which of the following statements is false?
(a) The aggregate of indirect material, indirect wages and indirect expenses is overhead costs
(b)Direct costs are never treated as overhead costs even in cases where efforts involved in identifying and accounting are disproportionately large
(c)The overheads can be apportioned to a cost center in accordance with the principles of benefit and/or responsibilities
(d) Capital expenditure should be excluded from costs and should not be treated as overhead
(e) Expenditure that does not relate to production shall not be treated as overhead.
Answer
Answer: (e) Expenditure that does not relate to production shall not be treated as overhead.
QN35. An increase in variable costs where selling price and fixed cost remain constant will result in which of the following?
(a) An increase in margin of safety
(b) A fall in the sales level at which break even point will occur
(c) A rise in the sales level at which break even point will occur
(d) No change in the sales level at which break even point will occur
(e)No change in angle of incidence.
Answer
Answer: (c) A rise in the sales level at which break even point will occur
QN36. Which of the following statements is true for a firm that uses variable costing?
(a) Product costs include variable selling costs
(b) An idle facility variation is calculated
(c) The cost of a unit of product changes because of changes in number of units manufactured
(d) Profits fluctuate with sales
(e) Product costs include variable administrative costs.
Answer
Answer: (d) Profits fluctuate with sales
QN37. Which of the following can improve break-even point?
(a) Increase in variable cost
(b) Increase in fixed cost
(c) Increase in sale price
(d) Increase in sales volume
(e) Increase in production volume.
Answer
Answer: (c) Increase in sale price
QN38. Which of the following statements is/are true?
I. A cost unit is a unit of output in the production of which costs are incurred.
II. A cost center is the smallest segment of activity or area of responsibility for which costs are accumulated.
III. Typically departments are cost centers and there may be many departments in a cost center.
(a) Only (I) above
(b) Only (II) above
(c) Both (I) and (III) above
(d) Both (I) and (II) above
(e) Both (II) and (III) above.
Answer
Answer: (d) Both (I) and (II) above
QN39. The Rowan Plan
(a) Is the best for efficient workers
(b) Pays lower bonus that that of Halsey beyond 50% saving in time.
(c) Pays increased bonus at an increasing rate as the efficiency
(d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: (b) Pays lower bonus that that of Halsey beyond 50% saving in time.
QN40. A written request to a supplier for specified goods at an agreed upon price is called a
(a) Receiving Report
(b) Purchase order
(c) Material requisition form
(d) Purchase requisition
Answer
Answer: (d) Purchase requisition
