Multiple choice question for engineering
Set 1
1. What is the effect of excessive rate of apoptosis?
a) Atrophy
b) Sneezing
c) Fever
d) AIDS
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Excessive apoptosis causes atrophy, whereas its deficient amount leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation.
2. What is the rate of apoptosis in average human adult per day?
a) 10 billion cells
b) 30 billion cells
c) 50-70 billion cells
d) 100 billion cells
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The rate of apoptosis in average human adult per day is 50-70 billion cells.
3. Oxidative stress (in humans) is not involved in the development of
a) Cancer
b) Parkinson’s disease
c) Heart failure
d) Kidney failure
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] In humans oxidative stress is involved in the development of cancer, parkinson’s disease and heart failure.
4. Programmed cell death can be termed as
a) Oxidative stress
b) Apoptosis
c) Cell division
d) Cell cycle
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Programmed cell death can be termed as apoptosis.
5. Which one of the following is true about C4 plants?
a) They minimize rubisco oxygenase activity by fixing CO2 into oxaloacetate
b) They mainly occur in areas of high temperature and light intensity
c) They minimize the rubisco oxygenase activity by fixing CO2 into phosphoenolpyruvic acid
d) C3 plants are more efficient in photosynthesis than C4 plants
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] C4 plants are more efficient in photosynthesis than C3 plants.
6. Which one of the following is true about C3 plants?
a) First stable product is phosphoglyceric acid
b) Photosynthetically more efficient
c) More efficient in CO2 fixation than C4 plants
d) None
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The first stable product from C3 plants is phosphoglyceric acid.
7. The first stable product of dark reaction in C4 plants is
a) Phosphoglyceric acid
b) Oxaloacetic acid
c) Glycolic acid
d) Malic acid
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The first stable product of dark reaction in C4 plants is phosphoglyceric acid.
8. Which of the following is the distinguishable feature of cyclic photophosphorylation?
a) Phosphorylation only takes place
b) Phosphorylation and photolysis take place
c) Photolysis of water is taking place
d) None
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Only phosphorylation takes place in cyclic phosphorylation.
9. The light reaction of photosynthesis takes place in
a) Inner membrane of chloroplast
b) Outer membrane of chloroplast
c) Stroma
d) Matrix
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Inner membrane of chloroplast is the area where light reaction of photosynthesis takes place.
10. Which of the following group of plants contains agranal chloroplast?
a) C3 plants
b) C4 plants
c) C2 plants
d) C1 plants
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] C4 plants contains agranal chloroplast.
Set 2
1. Which of the following statements about Arabidopsis is not true?
a) In Arabidopsis, CTR-1 Ser/Thr protein kinase is activated by ethylene
b) Activation of MAPK cascade
c) EINI activation
d) Synthesis of ERF1 transcription factor
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] In Arabidopsis, CTR-1 Ser/Thr protein kinase is inactivated by ethylene.
2. The 2-component system drives bacterial chemotaxis by coupling autophosphoryaltion of which receptor to phosphorylation of respective regulatory protein?
a) His kinase
b) Adenylyl cyclase
c) Guanylyl cyclase
d) None
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The 2-component system drives bacterial chemotaxis by coupling auto-phosphorylation of his kinase to phosphorylation of respective regulatory protein.
3. Bacteria do not have which of the following receptors
a) Adhesion receptors
b) Nuclear steroid receptors
c) Membrane proteins
d) GPCR
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Bacteria/plants do not have nuclear steroid receptors.
4. A factor involved in regulating the fate of stem cells in plant development
a) Adrenaline
b) Epinephrine
c) Thyroid stimulating hormone
d) CLV1
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Adrenaline, epinephrine and thyroid stimulating hormones are animal hormones.
5. The peptide trigger for the self-incompatibility response that prevents self-pollination
a) Salicylic acid
b) Jasmonates
c) Brassinosteroids
d) Plant peptide hormones
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Brassinosteroids prevents self-pollination.
6. Autophosphorylation is done on
a) His residues
b) Ser/Thr residues
c) Cys residues
d) Lys residues
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Autophosphorylation is done on Ser/Thr residues.
7. In Arabidopsis flg22 binds to
a) FLS2
b) LPS
c) BAK1
d) MAPK
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] flg22 present in plants binds to FLS2.
8. Transcription factor in plants is
a) Serine
b) Threonine
c) WRKY22/29
d) Leucine
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Serine, threonine and leucine are amino acids.
9. Negative regulator of ethylene response
a) LPS
b) CTR1
c) BAK1
d) MAPK
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] CTR1 is the negative regulator of ethylene response.
10. ERF1is a
a) Translation terminating factor
b) Positive regulator
c) Translation promoting factor
d) Enzyme inhibitor
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] ERF1 is a eukaryotic translation terminating factor.
Set 3
1. Erythrocyte glucose transporter is an example of
a) Ion driven active transport
b) Facilitated diffusion
c) Active transport
d) Simple diffusion
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Transportation is facilitated by carrier proteins.
2. Which out of the following is not a mediated transport?
a) Facilitated diffusion
b) Primary active transport
c) Secondary active transport
d) Simple diffusion
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Simple diffusion is not a mediated transport.
3. Na+ glucose transporter is an example of
a) Symport
b) Antiport
c) Facilitated diffusion
d) ATP driven active transport
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Substrates are moved in the same direction across the membrane.
4. Which of the following is energy independent?
a) Active transport
b) Primary active transport
c) Secondary active transport
d) Passive transport
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Active transport is ATP dependent.
5. Semipermeable membrane allows
a) Solute to pass
b) Solution to pass
c) Solvent to pass
d) Proteins to pass
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Semipermeable membrane allows solvent to pass.
6. When does saturation occur?
a) When molecules are moved by the use of vesicles
b) When the energy from a high-energy bond is required to move molecules
c) When a group of carrier proteins is operating at its maximum rate
d) When a carrier molecule has the ability to transport only one molecule or a group of closely related molecules
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] When a group of carrier proteins is operating at its maximum rate saturation occurs.
7. In which of the following means of transport a cell expels large molecules out of it?
a) Phagocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Endocytosis
d) Diffusion
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] In exocytosis, a cell expels large molecules out of it.
8. HCO3– – Cl– transporter is an example of
a) Uniport
b) Antiport
c) Symport
d) Facilitated diffusion
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Substrates are moved in the opposite direction.
9. Which of the following transports only one kind of substrate?
a) Uniport carriers
b) Symport carriers
c) Antiport carriers
d) Membrane proteins
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Symport carriers move two or more substrates in the same direction across the membrane.
Antiport carriers move substrates in the opposite direction.
10. Which of the following induces conformational change in protein?
a) Uniport
b) Symport
c) Antiport
d) Facilitated diffusion
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Facilitated diffusion induces conformational change in protein.
Set 4
1. Identify the purine base of nucleic acids in the following
a) Cytosine
b) Thymine
c) Uracil
d) Adenine
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Purines have two rings in their structure, but pyrimidine bases have only one ring.
Adenine has two rings in its structure.
2. Which of the following are not the components of RNA?
a) Thymine
b) Adenine
c) Guanine
d) Cytosine
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Thymine is present in DNA but not in RNA.
3. Which of the following statements is true?
a) Sugar component of a nucleotide is ribose
b) Sugar component of a nucleotide is deoxyribose
c) The bases in nucleotides are attached to a pentose sugar moiety by a glycosidic linkage
d) The sugar molecule of the nucleotide is in L-configuration
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Sugar component of a nucleotide may be ribose or deoxyribose.
4. What is the composition of nucleoside?
a) a sugar + a phosphate
b) a base + a sugar
c) a base + a phosphate
d) a base + a sugar + phosphate
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] A nucleoside is composed of a base and a sugar.
5. What is the composition of nucleotide?
a) a sugar + a phosphate
b) a base + a sugar
c) a base + a phosphate
d) a base + a sugar + phosphate
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] A nucleotide is composed of a base, a sugar and a phosphate.
6. Group of adjacent nucleotides are joined by
a) Phosphodiester bond
b) Peptide bond
c) Ionic bond
d) Covalent bond
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The phosphodiester linkage joins 3’ carbon atom of one sugar molecule and 5’ carbon atom of another carbon atom.
7. The sugar molecule in a nucleotide is
a) Pentose
b) Hexose
c) Tetrose
d) Triose
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Ribose or deoxyribose is a 5 carbon sugar.
8. Which of the following is true about phosphodiester linkage?
a) 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
b) 3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
c) 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
d) 3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide.
9. Which of the following is false about purine and pyrimidine bases?
a) They are hydrophobic and relatively insoluble in water at the near-neutral pH of the cell
b) At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water increases
c) Purines have two rings in their structure, but pyrimidine bases have only one ring
d) At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water decreases
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water increases.
10. Building blocks of nucleic acids are
a) Nucleotides
b) Nucleosides
c) Amino acids
d) Histones
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids.
Set 5
1. Which of the following is an essential fatty acid?
a) Linolenic
b) Palmitic
c) Oleic
d) Stearic
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Linoleic and alpha linolenic acids are the two essential fatty acids.
2. Which of the following is a polar derivative of cholesterol?
a) Bile salt
b) Oestrogen
c) Vitamin D
d) Progesterone
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Bile salt is a polar derivative of cholesterol.
3. Which of the following fatty acid has the least melting point?
a) Palmitic acid
b) Stearic acid
c) Arachidonic acid
d) Timnodonic acid
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Timnodonic acid has the least melting point.
4. Out of the following which is not a source of glycerol?
a) Adipolysis
b) Glycolysis
c) Glycogenolysis
d) Diet
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Adipolysis, glycolysis and diet are the source of glycerol.
5. Which of the following is false about fatty acids?
a) Melting point of fatty acids decreases with increase in degree of saturation
b) Lipids in tissues that are subjected to cooling are more unsaturated
c) Naturally occurring unsaturated long-chain fatty acids are nearly Trans-configuration
d) The membrane lipids contain mostly unsaturated fatty acids
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Saturated long chain fatty acids are nearly trans-configuration.
6. Which of the following fatty acid has 16 carbon atoms?
a) Linolenic acid
b) Oleic acid
c) Palmitic acid
d) Stearic acid
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Linolenic, oleic and stearic acids have 18 carbons.
7. Which of the following is a hydroxyl fatty acid?
a) Linoleic acid
b) Palmitic acid
c) Linolenic acid
d) Cerebronic acid
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Cerebronic acid is a fatty acid with -OH derivative.
8. Out of the following, which is not an essential amino acid?
a) Linolic acid
b) Linolenic acid
c) Arachidic acid
d) Arachidonic acid
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Arachidic acid is a non-essential amino acid.
9. The number of milligrams of KOH required to neutralize the free and combined fatty acid in one gram of a given fat is called
a) Saponification number
b) Iodine number
c) Acid number
d) Polenske number
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The number of milligrams of KOH required to neutralize the free and combined fatty acid in one gram of a given fat is called saponification number.
10. Which of the following is a storage form of lipid?
a) Glycolipid
b) Phospholipid
c) Sufolipid
d) Triacyl glycerol
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Triacyl glycerol is the storage form of lipids.
