1. Which Authentication Encryption approach is taken by the SSL/TLS protocol? a) Hashing followed by encryption (H→E) b) Encryption followed by authentication (E→A) c) Authentication followed by encryption (A→E) d) Independently encrypt and authenticate (E + A) AnswerAnswer: c [Reason:] Authentication followed by encryption (A→E) is the AE approach taken by the SSL/TLS protocol. 2….