81. The variable the researcher matches to eliminate it as an alternative explanation is called a ___ variable.
A. Matching
B. Independent
C. Dependent
D. Partial
Answer
A. Matching
82. Which of the following is not a longitudinal design?
A. Panel
B. Cross-sectional
C. Trend
D. Both a and c are longitudinal designs
Answer
D. Both a and c are longitudinal designs
83. In qualitative research, differences among types of purposive sample have to do with ___
A. Representativeness.
B. Timing during the study.
C. Individual variability.
D. All of the above.
Answer
D. All of the above.
84. Data analysis in qualitative research, as contrasted with quantitative research, is generally—
A. Theatrical rather than applied.
B. Applied rather than theatrical.
C. Deductive rather than inductive.
D. Inductive rather than deductive.
Answer
D. Inductive rather than deductive.
85. Qualitative researchers view changes in procedures during a study as ___
A. A weakness
B. Frustrating
C. A good thing
D. To be avoided
Answer
C. A good thing
86. Conclusions from qualitative research are ___
A. Less certain than from quantitative research
B. Of little practical use
C. Seldom defensible
D. Of descriptive value only.
Answer
A. Less certain than from quantitative research
87. The validity poses a problem for qualitative research because—
A. Because the measurement of validity implies that there is something fixed which can be’ measured
B. Because the validity of interviews cannot be measured
C. Because validity is only an issue in quantitative research
D. Because there isn’t any quantitative data on which to assess validity
Answer
A. Because the measurement of validity implies that there is something fixed which can be’ measured
88. The weakness of quantitative research is ___
A. Provides precise, numerical data
B. The researcher’s categories that are used might not reflect local constituenciesunderstandings
C. Testing hypotheses that are constructed before the data are collected
D. Can study a large number of people
Answer
B. The researcher’s categories that are used might not reflect local constituenciesunderstandings
89. A study in which quantitative and qualitative data are collected at the same time is a ___
A. Concurrent mixed method design
B. Mixed method design
C. Sequential mixed method design
D. Cross-sectional mixed method design
Answer
A. Concurrent mixed method design
90. The starting point for a literature search is ___
A. Tertiary data
B. Primary data
C. Secondary data
D. Some other data
Answer
A. Tertiary data
91. The researcher is usually interested in supporting –—- when he or she is engaging inhypothesis testing.
A. The alternative hypothesis
B. The null hypothesis
C. Both the alternative and null hypothesis
D. Neither the alternative or null hypothesis
Answer
A. The alternative hypothesis
92. The cutoff the researcher uses to decide whether to reject the null hypothesis is called the—
A. Significance level
B. Alpha level
C. Probability value
D. Both a and b are correct
Answer
D. Both a and b are correct
93. Of type I and type II enr, one which traditionally regarded as more serious is
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. They are equally serious
D. Neither is serious
Answer
A. Type I
94. Smaller p-values indicate more evidence in support of ___
A. the null hypothesis
B. the alternative hypothesis
C. the quality of the researcher
D. further testing
Answer
B. the alternative hypothesis
95. A null hypothesis can only be rejected at the 5% significance level if and only if—
A. a 95% confidence interval includes the hypothesized value of the parameter
B. a 95% confidence interval does not include the hypothesized value of the parameter
C. the null hypothesis is void
D. the null hypotheses includes sampling error
Answer
B. a 95% confidence interval does not include the hypothesized value of the parameter
96. A developmental research design that examines agedifferences at only one point in time iscalled the ___ method.
A. Cross-sectional
B. Longitudinal
C. Single-case
D. Sequential
Answer
A. Cross-sectional
