Multiple choice question for engineering
Set 1
1. Aggregates obtained from which type of rocks are strong?
a) Igneous
b) Sedimentary
c) Metamorphic
d) Rocks formed by weathering
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Aggregates that are obtained from igneous rocks are strongest they include granite, basalt. Sedimentary are obtained from igneous rocks and metamorphic from igneous and sedimentary so they are not so strong.
2. The maximum size that can be used in plain concrete is
a) 40 mm
b) 20 mm
c) 100 mm
d) 80 mm
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The maximum size of aggregate that can be used in plain concrete is 80mm with ease of workability, however they exceed in some special cases up to 100 mm, mostly 20 mm aggregate is used in RCC and 40 mm in pavements.
3. The maximum size of aggregate that can be used in R.C.C is
a) 10mm
b) 15mm
c) 20mm
d) 25mm
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The maximum size of aggregates used in RCC is limited to 20mm, for ease of compaction and workability, however 10 mm, 15 mm are also used, in some exceptions 25 mm also is used.
4. The flaky aggregates should not exceed
a) ½ of mean dimension
b) 3/4th of mean dimension
c) 3/5th of mean dimension
d) 1/8th of mean dimension
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The flaky aggregate is usually considered as 3/5th of its mean lateral dimension, the flaky aggregates should not be used in pavements.
5. The factors which effect the formation of metamorphic rocks are
a) Heat
b) Pressure
c) Heat and pressure
d) Molten lava
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Metamorphic rocks are obtained both from sedimentary and igneous rocks, which are influenced by factors like heat and pressure.
6. The fine aggregates are having a size less than
a) 5mm
b) 4.75mm
c) 2.36 mm
d) 75 microns
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] If the sieve size of aggregates less than 4.75mm, then it is called as fine aggregate. If it exceeds 4.75 mm it is gravel, if it is less than 75 microns it is a fine grain soil.
7. Which type of aggregates gives good workability?
a) Round
b) Flaky
c) Angular
d) Irregular
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The aggregates which gives more ease of working and workability is round aggregate, flaky and angular also used in some cases, irregular also are used in pavements.
8. If the bulk density of an aggregate is 2.6kg/lit and Gs is 2.8 then, the percentage of voids is
a) 7.1
b) 71
c) 710
d) 0.71
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Percentage of voids=G-Ὑ/G
=2.8-2.6/ (2.8)
=7.14%
9. The dividing and operating of aggregates into different sizes is called
a) Sieve analysis
b) Gap grading
c) Impact
d) Hardness
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The operating and division of the aggregates as per size is called as sieve analysis, in which the particles are divided as per size, gap grading is a part of the graph drawn in sieve analysis.
10. The expansion of aggregate on reaction with water is called
a) Swelling
b) Bulking
c) Expelling
d) Breaking
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] If the aggregate reacts with water and its volume increase then it is called as bulking, swelling is absorption of water, expelling is removal of water, and breaking is complete failure.
11. The skid resistance is measured in
a) Swedish pendulum number
b) British pendulum number
c) Indian pendulum number
d) Friction coefficient
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The skid resistance of the pavement is measured in British pendulum number, which is obtained just by rubbing the material with equipment.
12. Which material can be replaced in concrete for a strong pervious concrete pavement?
a) Water
b) Course aggregate
c) Fine aggregate
d) Cement
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Apart from replacement, there are many materials that can be used for substitution, for a strong pervious concrete pavement better option is to replace coarse aggregate.
13. The minimum grade of concrete required for pavement design is
a) M30
b) M35
c) M40
d) M45
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The minimum grade of concrete required for pavement is M40 as it has to resist both wheel loads and weathering action, M30 for low volume roads, M45 may be more helpful.
14. The aggregates which do not have sufficient strength like waste bricks can be used in
a) Base
b) Shoulder
c) Surface
d) Footpath
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The aggregates which don’t have sufficient strength can be used in footpath as it is not so important component, surface and shoulder use gravel, base mostly requires high strength soil.
Set 2
1. The first principle of mechanical soil stabilisation is
a) Proportioning
b) Compaction
c) Consolidation
d) Shear
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The first principle of mechanical stabilised soil is proportioning and then compaction.
2. The non desirable property of soil is
a) Shear
b) Swelling
c) Incompressibility
d) Stability
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Swelling is not such a desirable property in soil because change in volume may cause great loss to soil.
3. The maximum dry density of the soil can be achievement by
a) Compaction
b) Consolidation
c) Removal of voids
d) Removal of rocks
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The best method to achieve maximum dry density is by compaction of soil, as it is the easy, best and fast method.
4. The compaction of granular material is
a) Very easy
b) Easy
c) Difficult
d) Very difficult
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The compaction of granular material is a very difficult task as it needs a lot of effort.
5. If the grains in the aggregate lose contact, they
a) Melt
b) Float
c) Freeze
d) Sieze
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] When granular material is separated , then the grains in the soil mostly float and in cold region they freeze.
6. The n in the gradation formula is called
a) Gradation value
b) Gradation index
c) Gradation factor
d) Gradation distribution
Answer
Answer: The n in gradation formula is called as the gradation index of the soil, which is used to denote the property of a particular soil.
7. The value of maximum gradation index lies between
a) 0.5
b) 0.3
c) 0.2
d) 0.1
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The maximum gradation index is 0.5 it depends on the coarseness of aggregate, for less coarse aggregate it may be 0.1 to 0.2.
8. The mechanical stabilised soil does not depend on
a) Gradation
b) Salts
c) Compaction
d) Consolidation
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The mechanical stabilisation of soil doesn’t depend on consolidation as it is a long process.
9. The proportioning method not in use is
a) Rothfutch
b) Triangular
c) Lab tests
d) CBR method
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The CBR method is a method of designing of flexible pavement, the remaining are proportioning methods.
10. The percentage of chemical added in soil by weight is
a) 1
b) 1.5
c) 0.5
d) 0.2
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The usual volume of chemical added in soil is 0.5% of weight of soil, if it is added more then the soil may lose it’s strength.
Set 3
1. The process of removing and controlling excess surface and sub soil water within roadway is.
a) Highway Engineering
b) Highway maintenance
c) Highway drainage
d) Highway finance
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The removal of excess surface and sub surface soil within roadway or right of way is considered highway drainage.
2. The number of important factors for highway engineer are.
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The important factors that are considered for the highway engineer are design, construction and maintenance.
3. The highway drainage system consists of how many types?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The drainage system is classified as surface drainage system and sub surface drainage system.
4. The surface water is obtained from.
a) Ground water
b) Rainfall
c) Leakage of water from water treatment plants
d) None of the above
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Both surface and sub surface water are obtained from the rainfall, in case of leakage the water is percolated into the ground,the run off is obtained from the remaining water flowing on the ground.
5. The removal and diversion of surface water from the roadway is called.
a) Surface drainage
b) Sub surface drainage
c) Camber
d) Cross slope
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The removal of land from surface and adjoining land is called as surface drainage.
6. The surface drainage doesn’t consist of
a) Camber
b) Road side drains
c) Culverts
d) Curves
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] As far as possible the surface drainage should be kept as straight as possible, usually curves are not the part of surface drainage if unavoidable then bends may be provided.
7. The seepage flow is present in.
a) Surface drainage
b) Sub surface drainage
c) Camber
d) Cross slope
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The seepage flow is present in the sub surface drainage which is excavated from the soil.
8. The water that cannot be drained of by gravity is called.
a) Pore water
b) Held water
c) Gravitational water
d) Capillary water
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The gravitational force can’t send off the water which is present in pores, such water is called as held water.
9. The structure provided on the pavement to remove the storm water is.
a) Drainage
b) Camber
c) Crown
d) Curves
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The camber is a structure provided on the pavement to drain off the storm water, resulting from rain crown is provided above the camber.
10. The highest point provided on the pavement is.
a) Crown
b) Camber
c) Cross slope
d) Drainage
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The highest point provided on the pavement is called crown, which is provided above the camber and it is not used for the same function as camber.
Set 4
1.The gap provided in slabs is
a) 20 mm
b) 30 mm
c) 35 mm
d) 40 mm
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The slabs are provided with a gap of usually 20 mm for expansion in summer season.
2. The stress in pavement changes
a) Daily
b) Seasonally
c) Annually
d) Depends on pavement
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The stress in pavement changes daily according to the temperature on surface, actually it changes every minute but we can’t calculate it for every minute so assumption is taken it changes daily.
3. The spacing of joint depends on
a) Type of joint
b) Type of construction
c) Type of material
d) Same for all joints
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The spacing between the two joints depends on the type of joint, it may be 4.5 m for longitudinal and 3.5 m for transverse joint.
4. How many factors contributing to the flexural stress of a pavement?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The most influence factors are wheel load and temperature stress in rigid pavement.
5. The life span of rigid pavement depends on
a) Magnetic action
b) Frictional action
c) Location of loading
d) Seasonal change
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The life span of most of the pavement is dependent on the location of loading of the wheel.
6. The term ‘a’ denotes
a) Radius of wheel
b) Radius of the area of contact
c) Radius of the equivalent area of contact
d) Radius of axle
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The term ‘a’ denotes the radius of equivalent area of contact, which indicates the value of the radius of wheel in which that is in contact.
7. The stresses are found in how many places of rigid pavement?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The stresses are found in three parts of pavement they are interior, edge and corner.
8. The maximum fatigue ratio of rigid pavement is
a) 0.45
b) 0.65
c) 0.8
d) 0.9
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] For a rigid pavement the fatigue ratio of the pavement is 0.45 to 0.9, in any case the value should not exceed 0.9.
9. The ratio of flexibility strength applied due to a load and the flexural stress is called
a) Stress ratio
b) Strain ratio
c) Stress and strain ratio
d) Bulk modulus
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The ratio of flexibility strength due to a load and it’s original flexural strength is called stress ratio.
10. There will be no fatigue if stress ratio is kept below
a) 0.44
b) 0.50
c) 0.70
d) 0.9
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] If the stress ratio is kept below 0.44, then there is no chance of fatigue, so the pavement is designed at a stress ratio of less than 44%.
11. The design load is taken as
a) 15th percentile load
b) 85th percentile load
c) 98th percentile load
d) 99th percentile load
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The load considered is 98th percentile load which is exceeded only by 2.0% of vehicles.
12. The load safety factor assumed is
a) 1
b) 1.2
c) 1.5
d) 1.6
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The load safety factor is assumed as 1.2 for HCV, it may be even higher if it is a undivided pavement.
13. No warping stress is developed if temperature
a) Constant
b) Less than normal
c) More than normal
d) Changes frequently
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The temperature must remain same at both top and bottom of the slab to prevent warping stress.
14. Proximity to sea contributes to
a) Warping stress
b) Seasonal stress
c) Climatic factor
d) Weathering factor
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The proximity to sea contributes to the corrosion which is considered as a factor in the climate changes.
15. The maximum stress in summer by pavement is experienced at
a) Morning
b) Mid noon
c) Evening
d) Night
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The most worst stress is experienced in pavement at mid noon usually in summer it is very high.
Set 5
1. The heavy commercial vehicles are considered if their weight exceeds
a) 3.0 t
b) 4.0 t
c) 5.0 t
d) 6.0 t
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The HCV are used to study the pavement design if their weight exceeds 3 tonnes.
2. Axle load studies are carried out on a minimum sample of
a) 10%
b) 15%
c) 20%
d) 25%
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The minimum sample size of axle load considered in India is 20%.
3. The overlay design is laid for a maximum life span of
a) 5 years
b) 7 years
c) 9 years
d) 10 years
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The maximum life span of an overlay design is 10 years, it may be also 5 years for small roads.
4. The most commonly used overlay is
a) Flexible over rigid
b) Rigid over flexible
c) Flexible over flexible
d) Rigid over rigid
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The most commonly used overlay is flexible over flexible, rigid over flexible and rigid over rigid are also used but flexible is the most preferred and used pavement.
4. The average vehicles considered for pavement studies are
a) 150
b) 1500
c) 150 to 1500
d) 15000
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The commercial vehicles per day are considered as 150 to 1500 for pavement design studies.
5.The VDF of a lane if the CVPD is greater than 1500 in plain terrain
a) 4.5
b) 2.5
c) 3.0
d) 4.0
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The VDF in plain terrain is 4.5 if the CVPD is greater than 1500, it mainly depends on the commercial vehicle and terrain.
6. The VDF in hilly terrain for CVPD less than 1500 is
a) 1
b) 1.5
c) 2.0
d) 2.5
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The VDF in hilly terrain is less than that in plain and rolling terrain so it is 1.5, because hill roads don’t have traffic as plain terrain.
7.The depth of rutting criterion is obtained by
a) Micro strain
b) Macro strain
c) Traffic
d) Elasticity modulus
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Based on research the rutting criterion depends on the vertical strain on sub grade, which is responsible for developing cracks.
8. The lane distribution factor on undivided roads with single lane carriage way is
a) 0.5
b) 1
c) 1.5
d) 2
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The lane distribution factor is assumed as 1 on an undivided road with single carriage way.
9.The least lane distribution factor value is least for
a) Single lane
b) Double lane
c) Three lanes
d) Four lanes
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The least lane distribution factor is least for four lane highway which is 0.45, because any vehicle can move in it’s own lane and is independent so it is less.
10. The joint filling sand should have fines
a) 75 microns
b) 85 microns
c) 95 microns
d) 100 microns
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The joint filling sand should have passed 2.36 mm and fines should pass 75 microns to be used in highway construction.