Multiple choice question for engineering
Set 1
1. The fault not belonging to the classification of fault with attitude of fault as basis
a) Heave fault
b) Strike fault
c) Dip fault
d) Oblique fault
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The mutual relationship of attitude of fault and of the disrupted rock has also been used in some cases for classifying faults into three types: dip faults, strike faults and oblique faults.
2. Faults that are developed along bedding planes are
a) Strike faults
b) Dip faults
c) Bedding faults
d) Hade faults
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Sometimes he faults are developed along the bedding planes; in such cases they are aptly called bedding faults.
3. The fault where fault strike is parallel to the dip of the layers broken and disrupted by the fault
a) Dip faults
b) Strike faults
c) Oblique faults
d) Hade faults
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Dip faults are the faults which develop parallel to the dip of the strata. In other words, the fault strike is parallel to the dip of the layers broken and disrupted by the fault.
4. The fault which is also called as diagonal fault is
a) Wrench fault
b) Transform fault
c) Oblique fault
d) Dip fault
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Oblique faults are sometimes called diagonal faults. In such a fault, the fault strike makes an oblique angle with the strike of the rocks in which it has caused the displacement.
5. The type of fault which is observed in both continental and oceanic environment is
a) Strike-slip fault
b) Dip fault
c) Oblique fault
d) Wrench fault
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Strike-slip faults are the most important and widely developed faults in the crust of the earth, which have been observed both on the continental and oceanic environments.
6. Which is the type of strike-slip fault in which the fault plane has developed transverse to the regional structure?
a) Transform fault
b) Wrench fault
c) Translational fault
d) Tear fault
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Wrench fault is a strike slip fault in origin in which the fault plane has developed transverse to the regional structure and even the net slip has taken place in the same manner.
7. Transverse fault is the other name for __________ fault.
a) Transform fault
b) Tear fault
c) Wrench fault
d) Normal fault
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The dip of the wrench fault is very steep nearly vertical. These are also sometimes referred as transverse faults.
8. Where do the transform faults occur extensively?
a) Continental blocks
b) Oceanic ridges
c) Island blocks
d) Volcanic ridges
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Transform faults are strike-slip faults occurring in oceanic ridges on an extensive scale.
9. Identify the group of small sized faults from the following.
a) Parallel faults
b) Enechelon faults
c) Peripheral faults
d) Radial faults
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Enechelon faults may be defined as a group of small sized faults that overlap each other in the region of their occurrence. A second fault appears on the surface at a distance before the first fault ends and so on.
10. Group of faults which appear emerging outward from a common central region are called
a) Enechelon faults
b) Parallel faults
c) Peripheral faults
d) Radial faults
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] A group faults that appear emerging outward from a common central region are classified as radial faults. The area is divided into blocks with inwardly tapering ends.
11. Parallel can sometimes lead to step faults. State true or false.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] In some cases, the intervening blocks are down thrown in the same general direction so that viewed from one side, the group gives a step-like appearance in the structure. These are then called step faults.
12. The type of fault not belonging to the classification based on the mode of occurrence is
a) Parallel fault
b) Peripheral fault
c) Enechelon fault
d) Wrench fault
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Wrench fault is classification with slip as basis whereas, parallel fault, peripheral fault, enechelon fault are based on the mode of occurrence.
Set 2
1. The underground routes or passages driven through the ground without disturbing overlying soil cover are called
a) Bridges
b) Passages
c) Tunnels
d) Sub-routes
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Tunnels may be defined as underground routes or passages driven through the ground without disturbing the overlying soil or rock cover. Tunnels are driven for a variety of purposes.
2. Type of tunnels which are excavated to divert the traffic load of whatsoever type from surface to subsurface routes.
a) Traffic tunnels
b) Hydropower tunnels
c) Public utility tunnels
d) Delivery tunnels
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The traffic tunnels include all tunnels which are excavated to divert the traffic load of whatsoever type from surface to subsurface routes for a short length with a view of facilitating the flow of traffic at a desired speed, maximum convenience and at minimum cost.
3. Pick the tunnel which is not a sub-group of traffic tunnels.
a) Railway tunnels
b) Sewage tunnels
c) Highway tunnels
d) Pedestrian tunnels
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The railway tunnels, the highway tunnels and the pedestrian tunnels are main sub-groups of traffic tunnels. A few navigational tunnels also fall under this category.
4. Tunnels associated with hydropower generation are called
a) Energy tunnels
b) Power tunnels
c) Generation tunnels
d) Hydropower tunnels
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] During twentieth century most of the tunnelling has been in connection with hydropower generation. Such tunnels are aptly called “hydropower” tunnels.
5. Type of hydropower tunnel where water is conveyed under gravity is
a) Discharge tunnel
b) Pressure tunnel
c) Supply tunnel
d) Delivery tunnel
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] In most cases hydropower tunnels are driven through rocks for the purpose of conveying water under gravity from one point to another. In such cases they are called discharge tunnels.
6. Type of hydropower tunnel where water is conveyed under high pressure to turbines is
a) Discharge tunnel
b) Pressure tunnel
c) Supply tunnel
d) Delivery tunnel
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The other type of hydropower tunnels are those which feed water under great pressure to turbines and are distinguished as pressure tunnels.
7. Underground excavations for carrying pipes, sewage etc. fall under which type?
a) Traffic tunnels
b) Hydropower tunnels
c) Public utility tunnels
d) Delivery tunnels
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Public utility tunnels include a variety of underground excavations made for specific purposes such as for disposal of urban waste (sewage tunnels), for carrying pipes, cables and supplies of oil, water etc.
8. Subway and tube railways are studied under which type of tunnels?
a) Traffic tunnels
b) Hydropower tunnels
c) Public utility tunnels
d) Delivery tunnels
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Subways and tube railways also fall in the category of excavations but they are, in most cases, not tunnels in the strict sense because they are excavations made in the ground and then covered from the top.
9. Method of placing tubes in public utility tunnels is called
a) Covering method
b) Digging method
c) Slash and cover method
d) Cut and cover method
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The method of placing the tubes or tracks is called cut and cover method and not tunnelling in which, top cover remains undisturbed and intact during the excavation.
10. Geologically, how many classes of tunnels are recognized?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 5
d) 4
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Geologically speaking, only two classes of tunnels are recognized: tunnels driven through rocks (rock tunnelling) and tunnels driven through soil, loose sediments or saturated ground (soft-ground tunnelling).
11. Traffic tunnels are always constructed for kilometres. State true or false.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Traffic tunnels may vary in length from a few meters to many kilometres and have been excavated in almost all major countries of the world.
Set 3
1. Aquifers are distinguished into how many types on the basis of physical conditions under which water can exist in them?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Two basic types of aquifers are distinguished on the basis of physical conditions under which water can exist in them: the unconfined aquifer and the confined aquifer.
2. Which aquifer is called water table aquifer?
a) Unconfined aquifer
b) Confined aquifer
c) Ground aquifer
d) Connate aquifer
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Unconfined aquifer is also called a water-table aquifer, and is the most common type encountered in the fields.
3. What is the pressure of upper surface of unconfined aquifer?
a) Very high pressure
b) Lower than atmospheric pressure
c) Equal to atmospheric pressure
d) Greater than atmospheric pressure
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] In unconfined aquifer, the upper surface of water or the water-table is under atmospheric pressure which may be acting through the interstices in the overlying rocks.
4. What is the isolated water table held by a small extension of impervious rock called?
a) Underlying water
b) Secret water
c) Perched water
d) Underwater
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Perched water table is the term used for isolated water table in an aquifer held by a small extension of impervious rock within a large pervious tract.
5. Supplies from perched water-table are reliable as source of water. State true or false.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Supplies from perched water-table which are isolated reservoirs are often not reliable as source of water.
6. What is the upper surface of water in a confined aquifer called?
a) Primary layer
b) Secondary layer
c) First layer
d) Peizometric layer
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Naturally water held in confined type of aquifer is not under atmospheric pressure but under a greater pressure due to the confining medium. The upper surface of water in a confined aquifer is called piezometric surface.
7. At many places where is the piezometric surface with respect to the ground level?
a) Below
b) Same level
c) Above
d) Inclined to ground level
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Artesian aquifer is, in fact, confined aquifer of such a geometry developed in suitable geological situations so that the mezometric surface is always above the ground level at many places when projected in elevation.
8. What is the speciality of the Artesian Water?
a) Has a characteristic colour
b) Has a characteristic odour
c) Requires no pumping
d) Requires special type of pumping
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] When water is tapped from Artesian aquifers, it rushes up to and to great heights. Such wells are called Artesian wells, or flowing wells and the type of groundwater obtained from them, which often needs no pumping, as Artesian Water.
9. Storage capacity of a reservoir depends on
a) Porosity of rocks
b) Inter-connections
c) Quality of solidity of rocks
d) Porosity and inter-connections
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The storage capacity of a reservoir depends on the porosity of the rock on the one hand and the nature and inter-connections of the pores.
10. What is the volume of voids in a rock mass expressed in percentage of total volume of rock called?
a) Porosity
b) Voids ratio
c) Permeability
d) Specific yield
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Porosity is defined as volume of voids in a rock mass expressed in percentage terms of the total volume of the rock.
11. Which types of rocks are highly porous?
a) Igneous
b) Sedimentary
c) Metamorphic
d) Igneous and metamorphic
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Sedimentary rocks are relatively porous because there is a great variation in degree of packing on the one hand and in size, shape and arrangement of the grains on the other hand.
12. High porosity is alone sufficient to ensure water yield. State true or false.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Porosity is a property of primary importance in determining the water bearing qualities of a rock. Only porous rocks can be aquifers but high porosity itself is not sufficient to ensure water yielding capacity of a rock.
13. What is the quantity of water that a unit volume of aquifer drains by gravity called?
a) Porous volume
b) Water yield
c) Specific yield
d) Unit yield
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The water is released by aquifer under the force of gravity and depends both on the quantity and quality of the pores and other openings present in the rock. It is called specific yield and may be defined as “the quantity of water that a unit volume of aquifer drains by gravity.”
14. The term which is collectively responsible, along with specific yield, for total porosity of an aquifer is
a) Unit yield
b) Specific retention
c) Unit retention
d) Specific allowance
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Specific retention is the term used to express the amount of water retained by a unit volume of aquifer after allowing gravity drainage through it. Thus, specific yield and specific retention together sum up to the total porosity of an aquifer.
Set 4
1. A solid barrier constructed at a suitable location across a river valley to impound water is called
a) Reservoir
b) Dam
c) Bridge
d) Retaining wall
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] A dam may be defined as a solid barrier constructed at a suitable location across a river valley with a view of impounding water flowing through that river.
2. Which among the following is not an objective for the construction of dam?
a) To make sure rains occur periodically
b) Generation of hydropower energy
c) Providing water supply for domestic and industrial purposes
d) Providing irrigational facilities
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Dams are constructed for achieving any one or more of the following objectives: generation of hydropower energy; providing water for irrigation facilities; providing water supply for domestic and industrial purposes; fighting droughts and controlling of floods; providing navigational facilities.
3. The criteria to classify a dam as a large dam is
a) Length of the crest of the dam lesser than 500 m
b) Capacity of the reservoir less than 1 million cubic meters
c) Maximum flood discharge less than 2000 cubic meters/second
d) Capacity of the reservoir not less than 1 million cubic meters
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Following conditions are necessary to classify a dam as large dams: length of the crest of the dam not lesser than 500 m; capacity of the reservoir not less than 1 million cubic meters; maximum flood discharge not less than 2000 cubic meters/second.
4. Which state in India has most number of large dams?
a) Karnataka
b) Orissa
c) Maharashtra
d) Madhya Pradesh
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The greatest number of large dams are in Maharashtra (1508), followed by Madhya Pradesh (752); Gujarat (365), Karnataka (213), Orissa (149), Rajasthan (128) and Uttar Pradesh have a single large dam till twentieth century.
5. Which is the longest dam in India?
a) Hirakud dam
b) Bhakra dam
c) Krishnarajasagar dam
d) Nagarjun sagar dam
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The longest dam is the Hirakud dam having a height of 59 m and length of about 5 km and built across Mahanadi in Orissa.
6. Which is the tallest dam in India?
a) Hirakud dam
b) Bhakra dam
c) Krishnarajasagar dam
d) Nagarjun sagar dam
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The tallest in India is the Bhakra dam with a height of 226 m and length at crest of 518 m, located in Himachal Pradesh.
7. Which type of dam usually has triangular profile and can resist the forces by its own weight?
a) Gravity dam
b) Arch dam
c) Geotechnical dam
d) Embankment dam
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] A gravity dam is a solid masonry or concrete structure, generally of a triangular profile, which is so designed that it can safely stand against a pre-calculated volume of water by virtue of its own weight.
8. What is very critical about gravity dams?
a) Strength of the concrete used
b) Strength of the masonry used
c) Strength of the rock foundation
d) The type of water stored in the reservoir
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] All the forces arising in a gravity dam as due to the thrust of the impounded water and the massive weight of the dam material- are assumed to be directly transmitted to the foundation rocks. Hence the strength of the foundation rocks is the most critical factor.
9. State true or false. The upstream face of a gravity dam is always vertical.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The upstream face in a gravity dam may be vertical or inclined. Similarly, the axis of the dam may be straight or a curvature may be induced in the design of the dam.
10. Type of dam where the forces acting on the dam are transmitted onto the abutment rocks is
a) Gravity dam
b) Arch dam
c) Geotechnical dam
d) Embankment dam
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] An arch dam, as the name implies, is an arch-shaped solid structure mostly of concrete, which is designed in such a way that a major part of the thrust forces acting on the dam are transmitted mainly by the arc action, on to the abutment rocks.
11. Which type of dam cannot be constructed even on the rock foundations which are not sufficiently strong enough?
a) Gravity dam
b) Arch dam
c) Geotechnical dam
d) Embankment dam
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Both the arch dams and the embankment dams can be constructed on the rock foundations which sufficiently strong enough, whereas, the gravity dams are constructed only on strong rock foundations.
Set 5
1. How many types of arch dams are present?
a) 1
b) 3
c) 4
d) 2
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Two main types of arch dams are: The constant radius arch dam and the variable radius dam.
2. The type of arch dam in which upstream face is vertical is
a) Constant radius arch dam
b) Variable radius arch dam
c) Vertical arch dam
d) Inclined arch dam
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The constant radius arch dam is an arch dam in which the radius of curvature throughout the structure is constant and upstream face is vertical.
3. An arch dam having a curvature both in horizontal and vertical alignment is called
a) Constant radius arch dam
b) Variable radius dam
c) Cupola
d) Cipalo
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] An arch dam having a curvature both in horizontal and vertical alignment is often called a cupola dam.
4. Pick the wrong statement about arch dams.
a) Arch dams are heavier compared to other types
b) Arch dams offer many advantages over other dams
c) Arch dams are quite thin walled compared to gravity dams
d) Arch dams are lighter in weight compared to other types
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] In ideal situation, arch dams offer many advantages over other types of dams. Arch dams are quite thin walled compared to gravity dams and hence lighter in weight.
5. Arch dams are best suitable for which site?
a) Flat lands
b) Plateaus
c) Narrow valleys
d) Very wide valleys
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Arch dams are better suited for narrow valleys with strong and uniformly sloping walls or abutments.
6. The arch dam in India is situated in which state?
a) Karnataka
b) Gujarat
c) Kerala
d) Maharashtra
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The Idukki dam in Kerala is an important arch dam of our country.
7. The dam which generally is of trapezoidal shape is
a) Gravity dams
b) Arch dams
c) Cupola dams
d) Embankment dams
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Embankment dams include a variety of non-rigid structures which are built over wide valleys with varying foundation characteristics from easily available materials such as earth and rock fragments. These are generally of trapezoidal shape.
8. The dam which can be constructed even on glacial deposits is
a) Gravity dams
b) Arch dams
c) Embankment dams
d) Cupola dams
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The main advantage of the embankment dams is that they can be constructed on weak foundations such as unconsolidated weak-river or glacial deposits.
9. The Hirakud dam in India is which type of dam?
a) Gravity dams
b) Arch dams
c) Cupola dams
d) Embankment dams
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The Hirakud dam in Orissa is one of the longest embankment dams of our country.
10. The compacted core is generally made of
a) Shale
b) Clay
c) Limestone
d) Coal
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] An embankment dam is constructed as a homogeneous construction but very commonly, with a properly compacted core of an impervious material such as clay.
11. An arch dam cannot be constructed at all when the valley is very wide. State true or false.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] A combination of series of arch dams called Multiple Arch Dams is sometimes applied with advantage when the valley is too wide for a single arch or gravity dam. Hence, arch dam can be constructed in a very wide valley too.