Multiple choice question for engineering
Set 1
1. Spectroscopy deals with interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. What is the speed of this radiation in vacuum in m/s?
a) 6 x 108
b) 5 x 108
c) 7 x 108
d) 3 x 108
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Speed of light is also the speed of all electromagnetic radiations. Speed of light is 3 x 108m/s.
2. Which type of Quantum Transition takes place in Ultra Violet and Visible spectroscopy?
a) Rotation of molecules
b) Nuclear
c) Bonding electrons
d) Spin of nuclei in magnetic field
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] In UV and Visible Spectroscopy, type of Quantum Transmission is Bonding electrons. The rest of the options are Quantum Transmission type of other spectroscopic methods.
3. Which of the following is not a property or parameter of electromagnetic radiation?
a) Wavelength
b) Voltage
c) Wave number
d) Amplitude
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Wavelength, Amplitude and Wavenumber are parameters of electromagnetic radiation. Other parameters are Velocity and Frequency.
4. Which of the following is not a type of Spectroscopy?
a) Gamma ray
b) X ray
c) Nuclear magnetic resonance
d) Sound
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Sound is not a type of electromagnetic radiation. Hence, it is not a type of Spectroscopy.
5. Electromagnetic radiation can travel through vacuum.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Electromagnetic radiation can travel through vacuum. It does not need a medium for propagation.
6. Which of the following is false about wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation?
a) Radiation with short wavelengths have high energies
b) Energy does not depend on wavelength
c) Radiation with long wavelengths have low energies
d) Energy depends on wavelength
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The radiations with short wavelength have high energies and vice versa. Thus, energy depends on wavelength.
7. Which of the following is the wavelength of microwave radiation?
a) 10 – 780nm
b) 0.78 – 30µm
c) 0.6 – 10 m
d) 0.75 – 3.75 mm
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The wavelength of Microwave radiation is 0.75 – 3.75 mm. The rest of the options are the wavelength of other Electro Magnetic radiations.
8. How is wave number of electromagnetic radiation related to wavelength?
a) It is the reciprocal of wavelength
b) It is directly proportional to wavelength
c) It is not related to wavelength
d) It is equal to wavelength
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Wave number is the number of waves spread in a length of one centimeter. It is the reciprocal of wavelength.
9. Which of the following is the wavenumber of UV and Visible radiation?
a) 1 x 106 to 1.3 x 104 m-1
b) 1 x 106 to 1.3 x 104 m
c) 13 – 27 m-1
d) 1 x 106 to 1.3 x 104 m2
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Wave number of UV, Visible radiation is 1 x 106 to 1.3 x 104 m-1. Wave number is the reciprocal of wavelength. So, the unit is m-1.
10. Velocity of electromagnetic radiation is more in vacuum than in any medium.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:]s: Velocity of electromagnetic radiation tends to decrease when a medium is present. Hence, it attains maximum speed in vacuum.
Set 2
1. In West-Gaeke colourimetric procedure, the intensity of the red purple colour is measured photometically and it is proportional to the concentration of sulphur di-oxide. What is the red purple coloured compound?
a) Sodium tetra chloromercurate
b) Dicholorosulphitomercurate complex
c) Ammonia molybdate
d) Paraosaniline sulphonic acid
Answer
Ans: d [Reason:] Sulphur di-oxide reacts with Sodium tetra chloromercurate to form Dicholorosulphitomercurate complex which then reacts with formaldehyde and pararosaniline to form Parapsaniline sulphonic acid which is red purple coloured.
2. The conductivitimetry method, involves bubbling sulphur di-oxide through a solution containing sulphuric acid and which of the following?
a) Water
b) Hydrogen peroxide
c) Iodine
d) Formaldehyde
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The conductivitimetry method, involves bubbling sulphur di-oxide through a solution containing sulphuric acid and hydrogen peroxide. It results in the formation of sulphuric acid.
3. Which of the following are not the characteristics of conductivitimetry method used to measure sulphur di-oxide?
a) Fast response
b) High sensitivity
c) Free from interference by other gases
d) Good accuracy
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Conductivitimetry instruments are affected by other gases and they cause interference. The other gases may produce or remove ions in the solution.
4. Which of the following are not the characteristics of colorimetry method used to monitor sulphur di-oxide?
a) It is simple
b) It has high sensitivity
c) It has good specificity
d) It is affected by interference from H2SO4, SO3, NH3, etc
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Colorimetry method is free from by the interference due to other gases such as It is affected by interference from H2SO4, SO3, NH3, etc. Colour intensity is sensitive to temperature.
5. Which of the following is not true about using gas chromatography for measuring pollutants in air?
a) Pollutants react rapidly in the column
b) Pollutants may not be detected by the detectors
c) Special column and support materials are required
d) Pollutants may elude rapidly from the column
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Most of the pollutants are extreme reactive materials. Hence, they may not pass through the column and appear at the detector.
6. The ability of sulphur dioxide to reduce iodine is used in which of the following methods?
a) Colorimetry
b) Conductivitimetry
c) Coulometry
d) Gas chromatography
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] The ability of sulphur dioxide to reduce iodine is used in Coulometry method to measure sulphur di-oxide. The mass of I2 reacted per unit time will indicate the amount of sulphur di-oxide.
7. Which of the following materials are used as electrodes in coulometric method for the measurement of sulphur di-oxide?
a) Gold
b) Silver
c) Platinum
d) Nickel
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] In Coulometric arrangement, the electrodes are made of platinum. These act as the anode and the cathode.
8. Which of the following is the detection limit of coulometric method used for measurement of sulphur di-oxide?
a) 0.1 ppm
b) 1 ppm
c) 2 ppm
d) 0.01 ppm
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The detection limit of coulometric method is 0.01 ppm. The shift in anode cathode potential is detected by a third electrode.
9. Sensitivity to total sulphur by Flame-photometric detector is which of the following levels?
a) 0.1 ppm
b) 1 ppm
c) 2 ppm
d) 0.01 ppm
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Sensitivity to total sulphur by Flame-photometric detector is 0.01 ppm. Here, sample air is introduced into a hydrogen-rich air flame.
10. Which of the following methods are not used for the measurement of sulphur di-oxide?
a) Colorimetric method
b) Correlation spectroscopy
c) Paramagnetic analyzers
d) Flame-photometry
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Sulphur di-oxide cannot be analysed using paramagnetic analyzer. This is because sulphur di-oxide does not have paramagnetic property.
11. Which of the following is the wavelength of the radiation generated when an air stream containing sulphur di-oxide is burned in a hydrogen-rich flame?
a) 243 nm
b) 394 nm
c) 467 nm
d) 516 nm
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The wavelength of the radiation generated when an air stream containing sulphur di-oxide is burned in a hydrogen-rich flame is 394 mm. A narrow band interference filter is used to shield radiations with all other wavelengths.
12. Given below, is the diagram of Ultraviolet Fluorescence method. Identify the unmarked component.
a) Filter
b) Electronic circuit
c) Supply
d) Fluorescence chamber
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The unmarked block is Fluorescence chamber. Here, fluorescence of SO2 is emitted.
13. In conductivitimetric method, the concentration of sulphur di-oxide is proportional to which of the following parameters of the saw-tooth waveform?
a) Average voltage
b) Peak voltage
c) Slope
d) RMS voltage
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] In conductivitimetric method, the concentration of sulphur di-oxide is proportional to slope of the saw-tooth waveform. Current is recorded every 15 minutes.
14. In conductivitimetric method, to measure the conductivity of the cell, 5V ___________ is applied across the electrodes.
a) DC
b) AC
c) Pulsating DC
d) DC or AC
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] In conductivitimetric method, to measure the conductivity of the cell, 5V alternating current is applied across the electrodes. This is because alternating current avoids polarisation.
15. The response of coulometric method is instantaneous.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] The response of coulometric method is not instantaneous. It may take about 4 minutes for 90 percent of the signal to appear for any concentration of SO2.
Set 3
1. Thermal conductivity analyzers cannot be used in which of the following measurements?
a) Hydrogen in blast furnace gases
b) Determination of argon in oxygen in the process of air decomposition
c) Sulphur dioxide in roasting gases in production of sulphuric acid
d) Oxygen from a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Thermal conductivity analyzers cannot be used in analysing oxygen from a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen. This is because the thermal conductivity of oxygen and nitrogen is almost the same.
2. In which of the following conditions can thermal conductivity analyzer be used for multi-component mixtures?
a) When all the components have same thermal conductivities
b) When all the components have very different thermal conductivities
c) When all but one component have same thermal conductivities
d) When all components have very different thermal conductivities except two of them which are the same
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] When all but one component have same thermal conductivities, thermal conductivity analyzer can be used for multi-component mixtures. The mixture is then treated as a binary mixture.
3. Which among the following elements has the highest thermal conductivity?
a) Nitrogen
b) Oxygen
c) Hydrogen
d) Chlorine
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Hydrogen has the highest thermal conductivity. Chlorine has the lowest thermal conductivity in the list.
4. Which of the following materials are generally not used for the construction of filaments in thermal conductivity analyzers?
a) Tungsten
b) Gold
c) Platinum
d) Kovar
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Gold is generally not used for the construction of filaments in thermal conductivity analyzers. The materials used have high temperature-coefficient of resistance.
5. Thermistors have positive temperature-coefficient of resistance.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Thermistors have negative temperature-coefficient of resistance. RTDs have positive temperature-coefficient of resistance.
6. Which of the following is not the characteristic of thermistors used in thermal conductivity analyzers?
a) High negative temperature co-efficient of resistance
b) Slow response
c) Extremely sensitive
d) Low cost
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Thermistors have fast response. They are arranged as heat sensing elements in Wheatstone bridge.
7. How can high speed of response be obtained in thermal conductivity analyzers?
a) By increasing the pressure of gas surrounding the filaments
b) By reducing the pressure of gas surrounding the filaments
c) By reducing the temperature of gas surrounding the filaments
d) By increasing the temperature of gas surrounding the filaments
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] High speed of response be obtained in thermal conductivity analyzers by reducing the pressure of gas surrounding the filaments. It is reduced to few millimetres of mercury absolute.
8. Which of the following bridges are used in thermal conductivity analyzers?
a) Wheatstone bridge
b) Kelvin’s bridge
c) Anderson’s bridge
d) Schering’s bridge
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Wheatstone bridge is generally used in thermal conductivity analyzers. Themistors or hot-wires can be used as filament.
9. Which of the following is generally used as indicators in bridges in thermal conductivity analyzers?
a) Voltmeter
b) Ammeter
c) Galvanometer
d) Wattmeter
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Galvanometer is generally used as indicator in bridges in thermal conductivity analyzers. The galvanometer reading is a measure of the thermal conductivity of the gas.
10. Changes in composition of gas stream give rise to changes in thermal conductivity of the gas stream.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Changes in composition of gas stream give rise to changes in thermal conductivity of the gas stream. This principle is used in thermal conductivity analyzers.
Set 4
1. Coarse aggregates are classified into how many groups?
a) 3
b) 4
c) 6
d) 2
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] The two main groups of coarse aggregates are single-sized aggregates and graded aggregates.
2. How much percent of material which passes through a specific sieve is contained in that
single-size aggregate?
a) 50-60%
b) 85-100%
c) 70-90%
d) 80-85%
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Single-size aggregate contains mostly one sieve sized particle. 85-100% of the particular size should be there, with 0-25% of such aggregate retaining on next lower sieve.
3. Graded aggregate contains particles of size:
a) Single grade
b) 4.75mm
c) Multi grade
d) <80mm
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] It consists of aggregates of more than one single grade. It ideally contains particles of size 4.75mm and above in a proportionate amount.
4. Flaky particles have:
a) Small thickness
b) Elongated sides
c) Sharp edges
d) Rounded edges
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Flaky particles have a small thickness compared to the dimensions of other parameters that is width and length.
5. Which size coarse aggregate is ideal for use in concrete mix?
a) Smaller
b) 4.75-10mm
c) Larger
d) 10-20mm
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Using the largest size will result in reduction of cement, water and shrinkage in concrete mix.
6. Elongation index of coarse aggregates is calculated using:
a) E=w1/w2
b) E=w2/w1
c) E=w2-w1
d) E=w2+w1
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] Elongation index is obtained as a percentage. E=w1/w2 where w1 is the weight of particles retained in length gauge and w2 is the weight of test sample.
7. In crushing test on coarse aggregates, what size particle is taken as sample?
a) Passing 12.5mm IS sieve
b) Retained on 10mm IS sieve
c) Passing 10mm and retained on 4.75mm IS sieve
d) Passing 12.5mm and retained on 10mm IS sieve
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] As per IS code 383, the sample should contain those aggregates which pass through 12.5mm sieve and are retained on 10mm IS sieve.
8. What is the density of undisturbed gravel?
a) 2630-2760 kg/cum
b) 1920-2160 kg/cum
c) 1600 kg/cum
d) 1200 kg/cum
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] 2630-2760 kg/cum is density of granite. 1600 kg/cum is of loose gravel and 1200 kg/cum is that of brick ballast.
9. What is the symbol used for well graded gravel as per ISC system of classification?
a) WG
b) G
c) GW
d) W
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Classification of coarse grained soils (ISC system) gives the symbol for well graded gravel as GW. For poorly graded, it is GP.
10. Gravel is a type of:
a) Rounded aggregate
b) Angular aggregate
c) Flaky aggregate
d) Irregular aggregate
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] All gravel particles have irregular shape and sharp edge. Sand has rounded shape. Laminated rocks have flaky shape and crushed rocks have angular shape.
Set 5
1. __________ gives general guidance for geotechnical investigation.
a) IS
b) GIS
c) BIS
d) IGS
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] IGS is Indian Geotechnical Society. This body gives the general guidelines to be followed while conducting geotechnical investigation. The head office is at Delhi.
2. Geosynthetics includes __________ main product categories.
a) 6
b) 8
c) 9
d) 10
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Geosynthetics are synthetic products (polymeric). The eight categories are geotextiles, geogrids, geonets, geomembranes, geosynthetic clay liners, geofoam, geocells and geocomposites.
3. ___________ is useful in determining gradient of water underground.
a) Pressure meter
b) Penetrometer
c) Piezometer
d) Hydrometer
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Piezometer is used for long term investigation of ground water tables in cut and fill areas. They are also used to determine if there is upward or downward gradient of water.
4. How many types of primary functions of geosynthetics are there?
a) 5
b) 4
c) 6
d) 3
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The main functions are separation, reinforcement, filtration, drainage and containment.
5. CPT is more popular method compared to SPT as a method of geotechnical soil investigation.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] CPT is cone penetration test and SPT is standard penetration test. CPT is more popular than SPT because of higher accuracy, speed, more continuous soil profile and less cost.
6. How many steps are involved in a soil investigation?
a) 3
b) 6
c) 5
d) 2
Answer
Answer: a [Reason:] The first step is reconnaissance (visual inspection, maps, photos, etc.). The next step is exploration (geophysical, electrical, pits, etc.). The last step is field tests (vane shear, pumping, penetration, etc.).
7. The structure of a geocell is:
a) 2D honeycombed
b) 2D floccular
c) 3D floccular
d) 3D honeycombed
Answer
Answer: d [Reason:] Geocell is also called cellular confinement system. It has a 3D honeycombed structure, which is filled with compacted soil to make it a confinement system.
8. NDT is not employed in geotechnical investigations.
a) True
b) False
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] NDT is non-destructive technique and is a modern tool for geotechnical investigation. A ground penetrating radar which utilizes radar pulses for subsurface imaging is used.
9. ___________ is the largest group of geosynthetics.
a) Geonets
b) Geomembranes
c) Geotextiles
d) Geogrids
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Geomembranes are thin sheets of polymeric material and are impermeable. They are widely used for linings and coverings of liquid or solid storage facilities.
10. Which of the below is not a test on geosynthetics?
a) Grab test
b) Dry sieve test
c) Pumping in test
d) Tear test
Answer
Answer: c [Reason:] Pumping in test is a field test to determine permeability of soil. All the others are used to test geosynthetics.
11. Indirect method of geotechnical investigation is also termed as _____________
a) Geo-chemical methods
b) Geo-physical methods
c) Borehole method
d) Soil mechanics
Answer
Answer: b [Reason:] Geo-physical methods use principle that physical properties of soil vary for different types of soils. It is an indirect method of geotechnical investigation.